An ophthalmologic observation and photographing apparatus capable of photographing a color image and a fluorescence image includes an illumination unit for illuminating a fundus of a subjects eye, an observation and photographing unit for observing and photographing a specified region of the illuminated subjects eye, a barrier filter insertably mounted to the observation and photographing unit and configured to transmit a fluorescence wavelength range and block excitation light, a color photographing unit including a tri-color separation filter and mounted in the observation and photographing unit, and an index projecting unit for projecting an index light to be photographed by superimposing on an image of the specified region of the subjects eye. The index light passes through the barrier filter, includes a wavelength range different from the fluorescence wavelength range, and can pass through a filter having a wavelength range different from a filter which transmits fluorescence through the most among the tri-color separation filter.
