Spatial arrays of electrodes are provided, each array in a region of tissue. The electrodes of an array are connected so that some of the electrodes serve as shield electrodes relative to a pair of electrodes used for pulse stimulation or sensing of electrical activity, or both. The shield electrodes are connected together, defining an electrical node, the node defining a stable potential in predetermined relationship with power supply levels or with reference voltages for sensing circuitry. Multiplexing techniques may be employed so that sensed activity at each of several electrode locations can be communicated to electronics external to the electrode locations.
