The present invention relates to a drug delivery system, comprising: a drug-loaded carbon nanotube formed by a carbon nanotube and a drug molecule adsorbed on the surface of the carbon nanotube, a modifying material capable of enhancing water solubility and biocompatibility of the drug delivery system, and a targeting molecule. The present invention further relates to preparation and use of the drug delivery system. The present invention provides a new strategy for selectively targeting and effectively eliminating cancer stem cells, which is conducive to fundamentally preventing recurrence and metastasis of a cancer induced by cancer stem cells.
