The present invention relates to compositions comprising glutamic acid and/or glutamine, cysteine, riboflavin, succinic acid, fumaric acid, coenzyme Q10, niacin, optionally vitamin C, and/or prodrugs of these substances and/or salts of these substances. The compositions can be used as food supplement and/or medicament for prophylaxis or treatment of several disease conditions, in particular of hyperglycemia and related diseases or disorders. Consequently, the present invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions for the use in human and veterinary medicine as well as method of treatments of said diseases.