Endogenous LINGO-I is a negative regulator for neuronal survival, axon regeneration, oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination. Molecules that block endogenous LINGO-I function, such anti-LINGO-I antibodies can be used as thera-peutics for the treatment of neuron and oligodendrocyte dysfunction. The present invention provides antibodies specific for LINGO-I, and methods of using such antibodies as antagonists of endogenous LINGO-I function. The invention further provides spe-cific hybridoma and phage library-derivcd monoclonal antibodies, nucleic acids encoding these antibodies, and vectors and host dells comprising these antibodies. The invention further provides methods of promoting oligodendrocyte survival and myelination in a vertebrate, comprising administering to a vertebrate in need of such treatment an effective amount of an anti-LINGO-1 anti-body.
