Systems and methods are provided for monitoring the effects of therapeutics on the brain. Brains of first and second sets of patients are imaged and a gene expression is measured at a first time to provide a first set of images and a first set of gene expression transcripts. A therapeutic is administered to the first set of patients after the first time. The brains of the patients are imaged and the gene expression of the patients is measured at a second time, after the therapeutic is administered, to provide a second set of images and a second set of gene expression transcripts. A change in the brain is determined for the patients from the sets of images. A set of changes in the gene expression that are correlated with the changes in the brain are determined from the change in the brain and the sets of gene expression transcripts.
