A target-oriented three-dimensional imaging method and system. The method comprises: determining, on a scanning object, a portion comprising a scanning target using three-dimensional scanning; acquiring, on the basis of the determined portion of the scanning object, an existing preliminary three-dimensional structure (300) of the scanning target; scanning the portion comprising the scanning target to form a series of two-dimensional images with spatial location and angle information; referring to image information related to the scanning target or a local portion of the scanning target within an image, and adjusting the preliminary three-dimensional structure (300) of the scanning target or the local portion of the scanning target; when the preliminary three-dimensional structure (300) of the scanning target has been traversed, then performing adjustments according to an image obtained and displaying on a display device. The method and system only require some preliminary three-dimensional information of an imaging target to be able to use two-dimensional imaging to continuously scan a location of a scanning target, adjust an original shape of the target to obtain an actual size, position, and detail of the target, and form a complete three-dimensional image of the target.La présente invention concerne un procédé et un système d'imagerie tridimensionnelle orientée sur une cible. Le procédé comprend : la détermination, sur un objet de balayage, d'une partie comprenant une cible de balayage utilisant le balayage tridimensionnel ; l'acquisition, sur la base de la partie déterminée de l'objet de balayage, d'une structure tridimensionnelle préliminaire existante (300) de la cible de balayage ; le balayage de la partie comprenant la cible de balayage pour former une série d'images bidimensionnelles avec de l'information de localisation spatiale et d'angle ; la désignation de l'information d'image liée à la cible de balayage ou d'une partie locale de la cible de balayage à