Chemotherapy remains of limited use for the treatment of prostate cancer with only one drug, docetaxel, demonstrating a modest survival advantage for treatment of late-stage disease. Data from the NCI 60 cell line screen indicated that the castration-resistant prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145 were more sensitive than average to the novel polymeric fluoropyrimidine (FP), F10, despite displaying less than average sensitivity to the widely-used FP, 5FU. In an embodiment of the present invention, F10 treatment of PC3 xenografts results in a significant survival advantage (treatment to control ratio (T/C) days=18； p<；0.001； n=16) relative to control mice treated with saline. F10 (40 mg/kg/dose) was administered via jugular vein catheterization 3-times per week for five weeks. This aggressive dosing regimen was completed with no drug-induced weight loss and with no evidence of toxicity. F10 was also shown to sensitize PC3 cells to radiation and F10 was also shown to be a potent radiosensitizer of PC3 xenografts in vivo with F10 in combination with radiation resulting in significantly greater regression of PC3 xenografts than radiation alone. The results indicate that F10 in this pre-clinical setting is an effective chemotherapeutic agent and possesses significant radiosensitizing properties.
