The present invention provides a drug inspection apparatus and a drug inspection method capable of realizing efficient inspection while suppressing erroneous determination upon inspection of drugs. A drug inspection apparatus (10) inspects drugs that are prepared based on prescription information and are packaged in a prescription bag. A drug database (15) includes drug images of drugs that can be prepared. Comparison target selection means (16) acquires drug images of drugs, which are prepared according to the prescription, and drugs similar thereto from the drug database (15). Drug determination means (13) compares captured images of prepared drugs with the drug images acquired from the drug database (15), and determines drugs present in the captured images and the number thereof. Inspection result determination means (17) determines whether or not the prepared drugs and the number thereof match the prescription information based on the prescription information.
