A system or method for identifying sets of stimulation parameters can include receiving at least one image of a region of a patient； registering the at least one image with an anatomical or physiological atlas that identifies different anatomical or physiological structures； identifying a desired stimulation region using the at least one image； comparing the desired stimulation region with each of a plurality of predetermined estimated stimulation regions, where each of the estimated stimulation regions is a calculated estimate of a stimulation volume for a corresponding set of electrical stimulation parameters； selecting one of the predetermined estimated stimulation regions based on the comparing； and providing the corresponding set of electrical stimulation parameters for the selected one of the predetermined estimated stimulation regions to a user or an electrical stimulation device. Other systems or methods use functional maps or subregions of a region of synchronous neural activity to identify stimulation parameters.
