The present invention relates to an anode active material comprising a porous silicon oxide-carbon material complex and a method for preparing same, wherein the porous silicon oxide-carbon material complex includes: a porous silicon oxide having pores; and a linear carbon material which coats the surface, the inside of the pores, or the surface and the inside of the pores of the porous silicon oxide. The anode active material according to an example of the present invention has improved resistance to mechanical stress due to changes in volume by including multiple pores in the silicon oxide. Also, since the linear carbon material is coupled inside the pores, conductivity is not diminished when internal cracks form in the porous silicon oxide, and thus lifespan performance can be improved.