Methods of developing plant somatic embryos include incubating the plantsomatic embryos at a first temperature for a first period of time followed bystoring theplant somatic embryos at a second temperature for a second period of time. Thefirsttemperature can be in the range of about 23°C to 30°C and leadsto rapid plantsomatic embryo growth. The second temperature can be in the range of about8°C to15°C and slows plant somatic embryo development. Plant somatic embryosdeveloped in this manner and implanted in artificial seeds show germinationratessimilar to zygotic embryos implanted in artificial seeds.