X-ray/optical imaging materials are described and techniques as may be used for sensitive and high spatial resolution chemical and biophysical imaging in tissue. The technique uses high spatial resolution deeply penetrating X-rays to excite scintillators which convert the energy to a different frequency, e.g., visible light frequencies. The emitted spectrum is then modulated by a chemical indicating element such as an indicator dye held in optical communication with the scintillators in order to detect specific concentrations in the local area. The materials can include a magnetic element in conjunction with the scintillator and chemical indicating element. The materials can incorporate a biologically active agent for delivery.
