Disclosed are an etomidate derivative of formula 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a polymorph or a solvate thereof, a pharmaceutical composition and a kit comprising the etomidate derivative, and an intermediate, a preparation method and a use of the etomidate derivative. The etomidate derivative not only has a good anaesthetic activity, rapid onset time and short acting time, but also has no inhibitory effect on the secretion of corticosteroids in animals, and thus has both a good anaesthetic effect and good safety.