The present invention provides: a substrate provided with an antibacterial layer, the substrate being provided with an antibacterial layer that promptly exhibits antibacterial action and that enables antibacterial properties to be maintained for a prolonged period of time an antibacterial sheet a radiography device and a touch panel. This substrate provided with an antibacterial layer has a substrate and an antibacterial layer disposed on at least part of the surface of the substrate, wherein the antibacterial layer has a silver-containing first antibacterial agent, and a silver-containing second antibacterial agent that differs from the first antibacterial agent. Taking P to be the amount of silver per unit area included in the antibacterial layer and Q to be the amount of silver ions per unit area as measured using an extraction test, the relationships in formulae (1) and (2) are satisfied. (1) 6.0≤P/Q (2) 15.0≤Q
