The present invention discloses a composition for dust prevention containing an anionic emulsification stabilizer or a thickener. In an aspect, the composition can minimize the penetration of dust, especially, fine dust, into the skin. Specifically, a negatively charged material contained as an active ingredient in the composition for dust prevention has a similar negative charge zeta potential todust, and therefore can attachment of dust on the skin surface can be minimized by electrostatic force. In addition, even though dust penetrates into the cosmetic composition coated on the skin, thedust floats in the emulsion stabilizer or thickener, and thus, the cosmetic composition can prevent the penetration of dust into the skin. Especially, the cosmetic composition can prevent the penetration of fine dust into the skin to minimize the skin inflammation and the accumulation of heavy metals due to the penetration of fine dust, so that the composition is beneficial for skin health.