Processes for increasing expression of a MTOR gene or a mTOR protein or decreasing expression of a MSTN gene or a myostatin protein in a subject in need of such expression changes are provided. The processes include administering to the subject a composition including at least 0.5% Type-A polymers by weight. The Type-A polymers include A-Type doubly-linked procyanidin oligomers of the catechins and/or epicatechins. The processes further include increasing expression of a MTOR gene or a mTOR protein or decreasing expression of a MSTN gene or a myostatin protein in the subject by the step of administering.
