A one-off fertilization method suitable for winter wheat in areas with less rainfall in spring includes the following steps: (1) carrying out, on a flat wheat block which is suitable 5 for mechanized operations and after the harvest of preceding crops, a deep ploughing or a subsoiling in combination with a rotary tillage and a one-off fertilization for land preparation, without involving any top dressing in a later stage； and (2) carrying out a seeding operation by a wheat seeder, wherein for nitrogen fertilizer, according to the nitrogen release period of a controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, one of the following 10 application modes is determined: applying a polyurethane-coated controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer alone or a water-based resin-coated controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer special for winter wheat alone, or applying a water-based resin-coated controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer special for winter wheat in combination with 20% to 30% of a polyurethane-coated controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer. 1 5
