1. A composition comprising granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or a functional variant or homolog thereof, for use in the treatment, prevention or amelioration of radiation-induced or chemotherapeutically-induced pulmonary dysfunction, wherein said cytokine is administered locally by pulmonary administration. . A composition according to claim 1, wherein said composition is intended for use in the treatment, prevention, or attenuation of radiation-induced pulmonary dysfunction. The composition of claim 2, wherein said radiation-induced pulmonary lesions are due to radiation therapy. The composition of claim 3, wherein said radiation therapy is directed to the chest and / or lungs, and where said radiation therapy is directed to cancerous tissues of the chest and / or lung. A composition according to claim 1, wherein said composition is intended for use in the treatment, prevention, or amelioration of chemotherapeutic-induced pulmonary dysfunction. The composition of claim 1, wherein said pulmonary dysfunction is acute pulmonary dysfunction. The composition of claim 1, wherein said radiation-induced pulmonary dysfunction causes a weakening of pulmonary immunological defense against pulmonary infection. The composition of claim 7, wherein said pulmonary infection is associated with a bacterial, fungal and / or viral infection or lung invasion. The composition of claim 7, wherein said pulmonary infection is selected from the group consisting of pneumonia of any kind, pneumonia with bacterial, fungal and / or viral infection or invasion, including, but not limited to, pneumocystic pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia1. Композиция, содержащая гранулоцитарно-макрофагальный колониестимулирующий фактор (GM-CSF) или его функциональный вариант или гомолог, для применения в лечении, предупреждении или ослаблении радиационно-индуцированной или химиотерапевтически-индуцированной легочной дисфункции, где указанный цитокин вводится местно путем легочного
