The subject matter of the present invention is a composition, in particular a cosmetic composition, in the form of an emulsion comprising at least one polyester resulting from the esterification, with a polycarboxylic acid, of an ester of an aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid comprising at least two hydroxyl groups and at least one non-ionic derivative of cellulose comprising one or more hydrophobic substituents having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms. The subject matter of the present invention is also a composition, in particular a cosmetic composition, in the form of an emulsion comprising at least one active agent chosen from C-glucoside derivatives, in particular C-beta-D-xylopyranoside-2-hydroxypropane, and cucurbic acid derivatives, such as the sodium salt of (3-hydroxy-2-pentylcyclopentyl)acetic acid, at least one pasty fatty substance, and at least one non-ionic derivative of cellulose comprising one or more hydrophobic substituents having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms. The invention makes it possible to obtain emulsions which contain pasty fatty substances which are stable, even without the use of an emulsifying surfactant or with a low content of emulsifying surfactant (for example less than 3%), and which provide a pleasant sensory feel, even when the composition comprises a high content of pasty fatty substances. The present invention also makes it possible to obtain emulsions which contain active agents chosen from C‑glucoside derivatives and cucurbic acid derivatives which are stable, even without the use of an emulsifying surfactant or with a low content of emulsifying surfactant (for example less than 3%), and which provide a pleasant sensory feel, even when the composition comprises a high content of these active agents. The composition according to the invention provides an excellent experience for the senses, with neither a rough nor greasy nor tacky effect and with no pilling effects. Furthermore, it makes it possible to reinforce the perception of effectiv
