The present invention provides a method of treating HPV positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma comprising administering to a subject an immune checkpoint inhibitor, such as an anti-PD-1 antibody or an anti-PD-L1 antibody. The invention also provides a method of treating HPV negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma comprising administering to a subject an immune checkpoint inhibitor, such as an anti-PD-1 antibody or an anti-PD-L1 antibody. The subject may also be administered other anticancer agents.本発明は、対象に免疫チェックポイント阻害剤、例えば、抗ＰＤ－１抗体または抗ＰＤ－Ｌ１抗体を投与することを含む、ＨＰＶ陽性頭頸部扁平上皮細胞癌の処置法を提供する。本発明はまた対象に免疫チェックポイント阻害剤、例えば、抗ＰＤ－１抗体または抗ＰＤ－Ｌ１抗体を投与することを含む、ＨＰＶ陰性頭頸部扁平上皮細胞癌の処置法も提供する。対象はさらに他の抗癌剤を投与されてもよい。
