The invention is generally directed to promoting M1-type (macrophage M1polarization) immune response by administeringa compound that modulates macrophage activation. The invention is directed tothe use of an antibody able to bind to CSF-IRfor modulating macrophage activation. The invention is also directed tomethods for evaluating the dose efficacy of an antibodyable to bind to CSF-IR in a patient by assessing the in vivo or in vitroactivation of macrophages. The invention is further directed topost-treatment companion test and assays to assess the effect of an antibodyable to bind to CSF-IR on a subject being treated.
