It is an object of the invention to provide a bone anchoring device, which can be inserted into the bone more rapidly, more easily and with less force than conventional bone screws and nails and can also be removed easily from the bone. To solve this object a threadless bone anchoring device (1, 1) for anchoring in a bone is provided comprising a hollow shaft (2, 2, 3, 3) having an outer surface, a barb carrier (5, 5) having a plurality of barb elements (52, 52). The shaft (2, 2, 3, 3) and the barb carrier (5, 5) can be moved relative to each other in such a manner that in a first configuration the barb elements (52, 52) of the barb carrier (5, 5) do not project beyond an outer surface (31, 31) of the shaft (2, 2, 3, 3) and in such a manner that in a second configuration the barb elements (52, 52) of the barb carrier (5, 5) project beyond the outer surface (31, 31) of the shaft (2, 2, 3, 3). The moving direction of the barb carrier (5, 5) from the first to the second configuration is against the insertion direction of the bone anchoring device (1, 1). wherein.
