The present invention relates to a use of a copper-carbon composite nanomaterial in algae control. The copper-carbon composite, nanomaterial is applied in inhibition of algae growth. The copper-carbon composite nanomaterial achieves control of algal blooms by inhibiting algae growth, and does not generate secondary pollution during processing. By employing the copper-carbon composite nanomaterial to perform algae control, the present invention eliminates the pollution resulting from algal blooms, and improves the water environment.