A method of collecting a specimen of the present invention detects upper digestive system disease. The method of collecting a specimen includes: a step of administering a stimulant of pancreatic juice secretion or a stimulant of bile secretion to a subject a step of positioning sampling equipment in the duodenum of the subject into which duodenal juice is secreted, the sampling equipment being used to collect and store the duodenal juice a step of starting collection of the duodenal juice by the sampling equipment within five minutes from the administration of the stimulant of pancreatic juice secretion or the stimulant of bile secretion and a step of stopping collection of the duodenal juice such that collection time for the duodenal juice is within five minutes from the start of collection.
