The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing ortreating rheumatoid arthritis comprising rebamipide as an active ingredientand apharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The pharmaceutical composition may be fororaladministration, for example an oral solid dosage form of a tablet or capsuleform. Thepharmaceutical composition may be formulated into a unit dosage form suitablefororally administering rebamipide in a dose ranging from 0.5 to 50 mg/kg,preferably from0.6 to 6 mg/kg.