Methods are provided of treating obesity or an obesity comorbidity in a mammalian subject comprising administering to the subject an amount of an agent effective to treat obesity or the obesity comorbidity, which agent inhibits (i) IκB kinase (IKKβ) activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) or (ii) Notch signaling, in a manner so as to permit the agent to enter the hypothalamus of the subject. Assays are also provided for identifying candidate agents for treating obesity’.