The present invention relates to a compound with the following general formula (I): in which: R1 is a hydrocarbon chain of an unsaturated fatty acid from C12 to C24 including at least one unsaturation; and R2 and R3 are, independently or simultaneously: a hydrogen or a C1-C3 alkyl or a phenyl; and R4: a hydrogen atom or COR1′, where R1′ is a hydrocarbon chain of an unsaturated fatty acid from C12 to C24 including at least one unsaturation, advantageously 1 to 6 and preferably 1 to 4.