The invention pertains to methods of treating cardiovascular disease bymodulating inflammatory and immunoregulatory responses associated with suchpathological conditions. Embodiments of the invention provide methods for thetreatment of cardiovascular disease in a subject having cardiovascular diseasecomprising administering an effective amount of one or more IL-17 antagonists,IL-18 antagonists, 4-1BB antagonists, CD30 antagonists, OX40 antagonistsand/or CD39 alone or in any combination. This abstract is provided for thesole purpose of enabling the reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter ofthe technical disclosure and is not intended to be used to interpret or limitthe scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR 1.72(b).