A three-dimensional model construction method and device, and an image monitoring method and device. The three-dimensional model construction method comprises the steps of: 1) acquiring a monitoring image (a real-time two-dimensional ultrasonic image during treatment) of a tissue within a monitoring region during the treatment of a patient in real time, and acquiring a diagnosis image (a two-dimensional ultrasonic/MR/CT image acquired before treatment) similar to feature information about a monitoring image tissue from an anatomical model of the patient 2) registering the monitoring image and the diagnosis image, and establishing a registration relationship to obtain a two-dimensional registration image and 3) constructing a registered three-dimensional model according to the two-dimensional registration image. The constructed three-dimensional model can realize relatively high registration with the monitoring image during the treatment of the patient, and display clear tissue boundary and tissue texture information at the same time, so as to assist a doctor to conduct ultrasonic locating and monitoring.La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de construction de modèle tridimensionnel ainsi quun procédé et un dispositif de surveillance dimage. Le procédé de construction de modèle tridimensionnel comprend les étapes de : 1) acquisition dune image de surveillance (une image ultrasonore bidimensionnelle en temps réel pendant le traitement) dun tissu à lintérieur dune région de surveillance pendant le traitement dun patient en temps réel, et acquisition dune image de diagnostic (une image par TDM/RM/ultrasons acquise avant le traitement) similaire à des informations caractéristiques concernant une image de surveillance dun tissu dun modèle anatomique du patient 2) enregistrement de limage de surveillance et limage de diagnostic, et établissement dune relation denregistrement pour obtenir une image denregistrement bidimensionnelle et 3) construction dun
