Described herein are various sensor-based medication storage and dosage tracking systems, comprising a base unit with a visual display, and at least one receptacle to receive one or more pill containers. Sensors in the system are configured to detect medication removal from the pill containers as the pill containers remain in the receptacle, and are configured to automatically track medication usage and amount, and to provide medication reminders to the user. The system may be configured to communicate with other personal devices, including cell phones and personal computers, as well as remote servers or electronic health care record systems, and may be further to provide notifications to and from third parties as they relate to medication compliance or other healthcare activities.