Problems targeted include causing soft tissue damage when turning pedicle screws in difficult positions to access, and not always being able to know the pedicle screw system at time of surgery. According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a pedicle screw tool comprising a shaft； a handle that can be gripped and turned by hand to cause the shaft to turn； a yoke at an end of the shaft； and a pin supported in the yoke such that it can turn on an axis that is substantially at right angles to the shaft； the tool being formed such that: the pin is adapted to be inserted into a tulip of a pedicle screw； and with the pin in the tulip the shaft can be tilted with respect to the pin and then turned to cause the pedicle screw to screw into or out of bone, depending on the direction that the shaft is turned.
