The invention provides a method of treating traumatic brain injury (TBI) by administering a composition comprising proanthocyanidins. The proanthocyanidins are preferably administered as an extract of pine bark that contains proanthocyanidins along with other co-extractives such as dihydroquercetin, catechin, epicatechin, quercetin and stilbenes. Forms of TBI that can be treated include closed-head injuries, concussion or contusions and penetrating head injury. The compositions can also be used for protecting the brain before, during or after an activity associated with a potential traumatic brain injuring event such as contact sport, armed conflict or brain surgery.Linvention concerne des nouveaux procédés pour le traitement et la prévention de lésions cérébrales traumatiques.