Provided is an optical component (100, 200) comprising: a support member (102, 202) that supports an element (101, 201) which radiates light onto a specimen (120, 220) or which detects light from the specimen (120, 220) a retaining part (103, 203) that retains the support member (102, 202) so as to be isolated from the specimen (120, 220), and that is detachably mounted on the support member (102, 202) and a light guide mechanism (105, 205) that guides the light radiated from the element (101) or that guides light from the specimen (120, 220) to the element (201).