Light from an exit pupil (112) of an illumination unit (100) is directed to a beam splitter (102) which directs the light to an objective (104). The retina (128) is illuminated, if a real image of the exit pupil (112) of the illumination unit (100) and a real image of an entrance pupil (114) of a camera unit (106) are formable in a position ranging from the cornea (120) to the backside (126) of the crystalline lens (124) with the light. The objective (104) forms a real intermediate image (130) of the retina (128) between the objective (104) and the camera unit (106). The beam splitter (102) directs the light from the retina (128) to the camera unit (106), while causing the path (134) of the illumination and the path (132) of the imaging to deviate for non-overlapping images of the exit pupil (112) and the entrance pupil (114) in the crystalline lens (124). A relay lens system (138) forms a real image of the intermediate image (130) on a detecting component (136) with the light reflected from the retina (128) for transforming the image into an electric form to be shown on a screen (150).從一照明單元100的出射瞳112射出的光被指向一分光鏡102,且該分光鏡將光指向一物鏡104。如果照明單元100的出射瞳112的真實影像與攝像單元106的入射瞳114的真實影像成型在眼睛的角膜120與水晶體124後面126之間的位置,視網膜128被光所照射。物鏡104形成一個視網膜128的真正的中間影像130,成像在物鏡104與攝像單元106之間。分光鏡102將光從視網膜128指向到攝像單元106,使得照明的路徑134與成像的路徑132偏離,出射瞳112與入射瞳114的影像至少不會在水晶體124上重疊。重放透鏡系統138用從瞳孔128反射的光輻射在探測元件136上形成一個中間影像130中真正的影像,以使影像被轉換成電的形式,使其可以在一個螢幕150上被顯示出來。100‧‧‧照明單元102‧‧‧分光鏡104‧‧‧物鏡106‧‧‧攝像單元108‧‧‧鏡片110‧‧‧光輻射光源112‧‧‧出射瞳114‧‧‧入射瞳116‧‧‧光圈120‧‧‧角膜122‧‧‧眼睛124‧‧‧水晶體125‧‧‧表面126‧‧‧背部127‧‧‧瞳孔128‧‧‧視網膜130‧‧‧真正的中間影像132‧‧‧路徑134‧‧‧路徑136‧‧‧探測元件138‧‧‧重放透鏡系統140‧‧‧前偏光片142‧‧‧後偏光片148‧‧‧圖像處理單元150‧‧‧螢幕152‧‧‧記憶體154‧‧‧資料庫160‧‧‧照明場攔
