Data characterizing a signal of electrical activity sensed in a patient can be received using at least one data processor. A pain signature associated with peripheral nerve damage can be detected using the received data. A treatment protocol can be determined in response to the detected pain signature. The treatment protocol can include providing at least one electrical signal to the patient comprising one or more electrical pulses being at least about 150 Hz, between about 1 and about 3 volts, between about 1 and about 3 milliampere, and between about 0.25 and about 1 second in duration. The treatment protocol to be delivered to a sensory thalamus contained within the patient via an electrical lead and electrode implantable within the sensory thalamus. The treatment protocol can be caused to be initiated.
