PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel gastrointestinal tract inflammation therapeutic agent, particularly an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapeutic agent.SOLUTION: The inventors confirm that a fat tissue-derived interstitial cell group has the ability to improve inflammation well, and provide a gastrointestinal tract inflammation therapeutic agent comprising at least a fat tissue-derived interstitial cell group, more preferably an uncultured (un-subcultured) fat tissue-derived interstitial cell group.SELECTED DRAWING: NoneCOPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPO&INPIT【課題】新規な消化管炎症治療剤、特に炎症性腸疾患(IBD)治療剤の提供。【解決手段】脂肪組織由来間質細胞群が優れた炎症改善能力を有することを確認し、少なくとも、脂肪組織由来間質細胞群、より好ましくは非培養(継代培養をしていない)脂肪組織由来間質細胞群を含む消化管炎症治療剤とした。【選択図】なし