A method of modifying a gene encoding or processed into a non-coding RNA molecule having no RNA silencing activity in a eukaryotic cell, with the proviso that said eukaryotic cell is not a plant cell, is disclosed. The method comprising introducing into the eukaryotic cell a DNA editing agent conferring a silencing specificity of said non-coding RNA molecule towards a target RNA of interest. A method of modifying a gene encoding or processed into a RNA silencing molecule to a target RNA in a eukaryotic cell is also disclosed. Methods of disease prevention and treatment, methods of inducing cell apoptosis and methods of generating a eukaryotic non-human organism are also disclosed.
