The invention relates to a method for the derailment monitoring of at least one wheel of a chassis of a rail vehicle, wherein a derailment situation signal representative of a derailment situation of the at least one wheel (103.2) is generated according to the result of a comparison of signals available in the rail vehicle (101). In a first step, a current rotational speed signal representative of a current rotational speed of the at least one wheel (103.2) is determined. In a second step, an expected rotational speed signal representative of a rotational speed of the at least one wheel (103.2) currently to be expected is determined from at least one signal that is available in the rail vehicle (101) and that is representative of the current driving state of the rail vehicle (101). In a third step, the current rotational speed signal is compared with the expected rotational speed signal in a rotational speed signal comparison. And in a fourth step, the derailment situation signal is generated according to the result of the rotational speed signal comparison.
