The present disclosure provides methods ofdiagnosing cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer by detect-ingNa+, K+-ATPase expression. For example, it is demon-stratedherein that expression of the Na+, K+-ATPase .beta.1-sub-unitincreases in cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer, rel-ativeto normal cervical tissue. Also provided are methodsof treating cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer by decreas-ingthe biological activity of the Na+, K+- ATPase. For ex-ample,therapeutically effective amounts of one or more Na+,K+-ATPase inhibitors can be applied to the cervix to treatcer-vical dysplasia and cervical cancer.