PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an X-ray computed tomography apparatus capable of acquiring projection data corresponding to a phantom without using the phantom.SOLUTION: An X-ray computed tomography apparatus 1 includes: an X-ray tube 107 for generating X-rays an X-ray detector 119 for detecting the X-rays generated by the X-ray tube 107 a dose attenuator 113 for attenuating a dose of the X-rays to a dose corresponding to a predetermined X-ray conversion efficiency of the X-ray detector 119 a movement support mechanism 115 for supporting the dose attenuator 113 so as to be movable to an X-ray irradiation area 111 between the X-ray tube 107 and the X-ray detector 119 and a rotary frame 101 for supporting the X-ray tube 107 and the X-ray detector 119 so as to be rotatable around a rotating shaft.