Device and method associated with vibration micro-elastography for qualitative and/or quantitative measurements of viscoelastic properties, such as the elasticity and/or the viscosity of a viscoelastic medium and more particularly of a human or animal biological tissue, carried out inside the human or animal body. This method may be carried out with the aid of a probe 20 inserted into the human or animal body, which probe 20 is connected to an external controller 24 via a threadlike tube 25.