The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition for coating keratin fibers, comprising:—an aqueous phase,—a surfactant system present at a total content of greater than or equal to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, said surfactant system comprising: i) at least one non-ionic surfactant with an HLB value at 25° C. of less than 8, and ii) at least one anionic surfactant with an HLB value at 25° C. of greater than or equal to 8, chosen from acyl glutamic acids and salts thereof, together forming a lamellar phase Lβ, and—at least one aqueous dispersion of particles of at least one film-forming polymer. The present invention also relates to a process for coating keratin fibers.
