The present invention provides methods for the prevention or treatment of one or more vascular complication(s) in a subject at risk of developing diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance and/or hyperglycaemia or a subject suffering from diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance and/or hyperglycaemia, wherein an amount of a composition effective to inhibit, repress, delay or otherwise reduce expression and/or activity and/or level of TXNIP and/or an amount of a composition effective to induce, enhance or otherwise increase expression and/or activity and/or level of TRX is/are administered to a subject in need thereof. The present invention also provides methods for identifying and isolating modulators of TXNIP expression and/or activity and/or level and/or TRX expression and/or activity and/or level for use in such therapeutic and prophylactic methods.
