A spectroscopic laser sensor based on hybrid 111-V/IV system-on-a-chiptechnology. The laser sensor is configured toeither (i) be used with a fiber-optic probe connected to an intravenous/intra-arterial optical catheter for direct invasive blood analyteconcentration level measurement or (ii) be used to measure blood analyteconcentration level non-invasively through an optical interfaceattached, e.g., to the skin or fmgernail bed of a human. The sensor includes aIII-V gain-chip, e.g., an AIGalnAsSb/GaSb based gainchip,and a photonic integrated circuit, with laser wavelength filtering, laserwavelength tuning, laser wavelength monitoring, lasersignal monitoring and signal output sections realized on a chip by combiningIV-based semiconductor substrates and flip-chip AIGal-nAsSb/GaSbbased photodetectors and embedded electronics for signal processing.Embodiments of the invention may be applied forreal-time monitoring of critical blood analyte concentration levels such aslactates, urea, glucose, ammonia, albumin, etc.
