Provided are methods for treating inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke/cerebral ischemia, head trauma, spinal cord injury, Huntington's disease, migraine, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, inflammatory neurodegenerative condition associated with AIDS, age-related cognitive decline； mild cognitive impairment and prion diseases in a mammal), or at least one symptom thereof in a subject by administering a therapeutic composition comprising at least one electrokinetically-altered fluids (e.g., electrokinetically-generated oxygen-enriched fluids) of the present invention. Particular aspects provide methods for inhibiting and/or modulating the function and/or activity of effector T-cells, and/or for cell-based tolerogenic therapy (e.g., by modulating development and/or function and/or activity of TREG cells and/or dendritic cells (DCs) and/or TH17 cells (e.g., ROR&gamma；t+ TH17 cells). In certain aspects such methods comprise ex vivo exposure of T-cells and/or APC (e.g., dendridic cells) to at least one electrokinetically-altered fluid as disclosed herein. Combination therapies are additionally provided.
