Novel preparations comprising bacterial cell wall skeleton components and determinations of bacterial cell wall skeleton components are provided. <；??>；The invention comprises a paste consisting of bacterial cell wall skeleton components (bacteria-CWS) and an oil, and make it possible to provides a paste comprising bacteria-CWS wherein the paste has a viscosity of 0.2 to 0.7 poise (25 DEG C), an emulsion comprising the same, and a lyophilized formulation. The invention also make it possible to provides evaluation of a pharmaceutical composition comprising bacterial cell wall skeleton components as an effective ingredient, and an intermediate material thereof, assay of their strength, and identification of an effective ingredient by determining the long-chain fatty acid comprised in the bacterial cell wall skeleton components, or a derivative thereof.
