The invention is directed to a process for preparing a substrate with an antimicrobial coating, and to a substrate with an antimicrobial coating. More, in particular the invention relates to a process in which an antimicrobial coating is reacted on the surface of a substrate using a plasma treatment. It was found that the process of the invention hardly affects the physical properties of the substrate, is environmentally friendly, uses high molecular weight non-toxic active compounds, and have improved antimicrobial activity compared to conventional wet processing techniques.