A system (10) for permanently increasing the total diameter and lumen diameter of a peripheral vein to create an arteriovenous fistula or an arteriovenous graft using at least a portion of the peripheral vein having a permanently increased total diameter, the system comprising : a rotary blood pump (14) comprising an inlet and an outlet； a first conduit (16) coupled for the passage of fluids to the pump and configured to be coupled to a donor vessel； a second conduit (18) coupled for the passage of fluids to the pump and in which at least a portion of the second conduit is configured to perform a surgical anastomosis with the peripheral vein； and a control unit in communication with the pump, wherein the control unit comprises at least one sensor that measures the blood pressure in at least one of the first conduit, the inlet, the outlet and the second conduit； wherein the inlet is in fluid communication with the first conduit, the first conduit extending away from the inlet； and the outlet is in fluid communication with the second conduit, extending the second conduit away from the outlet, in which the first conduit is configured for fluid communication with the donor vessel and the second conduit is configured for the communication of fluid with the peripheral vein； in which the control unit is configured to regulate the pump for pumping blood so that the average pulse pressure in the peripheral vein is less than 20 mm Hg and the control unit is also set to regulate the pump for pumping blood so that the shear stress of the wall in the peripheral vein is between 0.76 Pa and 23 Pa； in which the system is configured to operate continuously for a period of time between 7 days and 84 days.Un sistema (10) para aumentar permanentemente el diámetro total y en el diámetro del lumen de una vena periférica para crear una fístula arteriovenosa o un injerto arteriovenoso usando al menos una porción de la vena periférica que tiene un diámetro total incrementado permanentemente
