PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a substance effective for prevention/treatment against infection by bacteria such as Helicobacter bacteria.SOLUTION: An anti-inflammatory agent against bacterial infection includes, as an active ingredient, a 14-dehydroergosterol-containing processed material prepared from a fermentation product of a material derived from a cereal plant obtained by fermenting the material derived from a cereal plant with koji mold, or isolated 14-dehydroergosterol. A pharmaceutical composition, a food additive, and functional food and drink each including the anti-inflammatory agent are also provided.【課題】ヘリコバクター菌等の細菌による感染に対する予防又は治療に有効な物質を提供する。【解決手段】穀類植物由来材料を麹菌を用いて発酵させることにより得られる穀類植物由来材料発酵物からの14-デヒドロエルゴステロール含有処理物、或いは単離された14-デヒドロエルゴステロール、を有効成分として含む、細菌感染に対する抗炎症剤、並びに、該抗炎症剤を含む医薬組成物、食品添加物、及び機能性飲食品。【選択図】図２
